The International Ocean Drilling Program has provided unparalleled advancements in Earth sciences. The program includes Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP, 1968-1983), Ocean Drilling Program (ODP, 1985-2003), Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP, 2003-2013) and International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP, 2013-2023). Fifty years of scientific ocean drilling has drilled more than 3,000 wells in the global ocean, with a cumulative drill core of more than 40,000 kilometer. Here we collect basalt data from reports of the International Ocean Drilling Program, involving major and trace elements, rare earth elements, Nd and Pb isotopes of the whole rock. We expect to support scientists to further explore the mantle processes and the tectonic evolution of oceanic plates through this basalt database.